Tom with his friends _______ swimming this afternoon.

[     ]

A. is going

B. are going

C. is going to go

D. are going to go

答案

C

考点名称：主谓一致

英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。

主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。

主谓一致原则:

1、语法上的一致

所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。

谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。

China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。

We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。

使用语法一致的情况

（1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构

如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。

My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。

Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。

注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。

Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。

No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。

（2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语

主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如：

with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，

谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。

The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。

The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。

A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。

E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。

Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。

All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。

（3）非谓语动词或从句作主语

非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。

When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。

Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。

To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。

When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。

注意：当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。

What we need here is money．我们这里需要的是资金。

What we need here are workers．我们这里需要的是工人。

Lying and stealing are immoral．说谎与偷窃是不道德的。